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1986-03-19
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INDEPENDENT READING
RESEARCH FINDING:
Children improve their reading ability by reading a lot. Reading
achievement is directly related to the amount of reading children
do in school and outside.
COMMENT:
Independent reading increases both vocabulary and reading flu-
ency. Unlike using workbooks and performing computer drills,
reading books gives children practice in the "whole act" of
reading, that is, both in discovering the meanings of individual
words and in grasping the meaning of an entire story. But Ameri-
can children do not spend much time reading independently at
school or at home. In the average elementary school, for exam-
ple, children spend just 7 to 8 minutes a day reading silently.
At home, half of all fifth graders spend only 4 minutes a day
reading. These same children spend an average of 130 minutes a
day watching television.
Research shows that the amount of leisure time spent reading is
directly related to children's reading comprehension, the size of
their vocabularies, and the gains in their reading ability.
Clearly, reading at home can be a powerful supplement to class-
work. Parents can encourage leisure reading by making books an
important part of the home, by giving books or magazines as
presents, and by encouraging visits to the local library.
Another key to promoting independent reading is making books
easily available to children through classroom libraries. Chil-
dren in classrooms that have libraries read more, have better
attitudes about reading, and make greater gains in reading com-
prehension than children in classrooms without libraries.
Allington, R. L. (l984). "Oral Reading." In P. D. Pearson
(Ed.), Handbook of Reading Research, (pp. 829-864). New York:
Longman.
Anderson, R. C., et al. (l985). Becoming a Nation of Readers:
The Report of the Commission on Reading. Urbana, IL: University
of Illinois, Center for the Study of Reading.
Dishaw, M. (l977). Descriptions of Allocated Time to Content
Areas for the A-B Period. San Francisco: Far West Regional
Laboratory for Educational Research and Development. Beginning
Teacher Evaluation Study Tech. Note IV-11a.
Fielding, L. G., Wilson, P. T., and Anderson, R. C. (in press).
"A New Focus on Free Reading: The Role of Trade Books in Reading
Instruction." In T. E. Raphael and R. Reynolds (Eds.), Contexts
of Literacy. New York: Longman.
Heintze, R. A., and Hodes, L. (l98l). Statistics Of Public
School Libraries/Media Centers, Fall l978. Washington, D.C.:
National Center for Education Statistics.